Frequency and Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) in Isteqlal Hospital Neonatal Ward Kabul Afghanistan
Congenital heart disease, Neonates, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, Patent ductus arteriosus, gestational diabetes.
Frequency and Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) in Isteqlal Hospital Neonatal Ward Kabul Afghanistan
Doctor Naeemullah Andishmand
Trainer specialist of Pediatrics & Neonatology Affiliations: Isteqlal Hospital
Abstract
Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly in newborns. CHD or congenital heart defects are characterized as structural and functional cardiac deformities that have not treated with the proper procedures, may result in person’s reduced quality of life and even early death.
Objectives: Frequency and pattern of congenital heart disease in neonatal ward of Isteqlal hospital Kabul Afghanistan. Methodology: Descriptive hospital-based study in the form of case series in Isteqlal hospital Kabul Afghanistan from (3-2023 – 3-2024). Findings: The overall prevalence rate of CHD was 10 per 1000 live births, which was 1% of total admitted neonates during 2023 to 2024. ASD (atrial septal defect) the commonest lesion by 12 neonates (34. 28%) followed by VSD (ventricular septal defect), 9 newborns which is (27. 71%) and PDA (Patent ductus arteriosus) 7 cases (20%) respectively. The rate of CHD was more in male than female. Parents of 12 neonates (34. 28%) were related. And mothers of 10 babies (28. 57%) had gestational diabetes.
Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of CHD was 10/1000 live births which is 1% of all admitted cases. The affected male babies were more than female. The commonest CHD was ASD followed by VSD and PDA respectively. The prominent maternal risk factor were consanguinity and diabetes during pregnancy, followed by drug exposure in pregnancy.
