A Narrative Review: The Effects of Coffee Consumption on the Cardiovascular System
Keywords: Coffee, caffeine, cardiovascular system, CVD
Sahar Hashimi
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide, ranking second after
water. In the United States, 83% of adults drink coffee. Coffee contains more
than 1,000 chemical compounds in its composition, the most famous of which are
caffeine, chlorogenic acid, cafestol, kahweol, and trigonelline. There has been
a long-standing debate about the relationship between coffee consumption and
the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Most older studies indicated a
positive correlation between drinking coffee and the occurrence of
cardiovascular diseases. To better understand the effects of coffee consumption
on the cardiovascular system, international articles published in reputable
journals from 2014 to 2024 were reviewed. This review specifically presents studies
on the effects of coffee consumption on the cardiovascular system. Mild to
moderate coffee consumption (two to three cups per day) is associated with
health benefits. Furthermore, coffee consumption reduces the risk of coronary
artery diseases, heart failure, arrhythmias, and mortality factors.
