Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Rational Use of Medicines Among University Students in Herat City
Keywords: Afghanistan, Attitude, Knowledge, Practice, Rational use of medicines, Self-medication, University students
Ali Rahimi
Abstract
Rational use of medicines (RUM) is essential for optimizing treatment efficacy, minimizing adverse effects, and reducing antimicrobial resistance. Despite its importance, medicine misuse remains a global concern, particularly in low-resource settings like Afghanistan. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding RUM among university students in Herat City. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2024, targeting students from Herat and Jami Universities. Using a convenience sampling method, a total of 445 students participated in the study. Data were collected through a structured, self-administered online questionnaire developed and validated by the authors to assess demographics and KAP regarding the RUM. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Among 445 respondents, 69.9% demonstrated awareness of rational medicine use and 85.2% recognized the risks of antibiotic resistance. Despite this, 53.3% reported self-medicating with antibiotics and 30.3% purchased medicines from unlicensed sources, indicating a gap between knowledge and actual practice. Although demographic variables, including housing status, showed no statistically significant association with KAP scores, students living with families exhibited slightly safer practices, possibly reflecting greater supervision and access to reliable pharmacies. Despite high awareness and positive attitudes toward RUM, gaps in practice persist, particularly regarding self-medication. Targeted educational interventions are necessary to bridge these gaps and improve rational medicine use among university students in Afghanistan.
